Cardinal Richelieu

Date of Birth: September 9, 1585

Zodiac Sign: Virgo

Date of Death: December 4, 1642

Biography

Cardinal Richelieu, born Armand Jean du Plessis on September 9, 1585, was a prominent French clergyman, nobleman, and statesman. He is best known for his role as the chief minister to King Louis XIII of France. Richelieu’s influence on French politics and the consolidation of royal power was profound, making him one of the most significant figures in French history. He is often credited with laying the groundwork for the absolute monarchy that would flourish under Louis XIV. Richelieu was educated at the Collège de Navarre in Paris and initially pursued a military career. However, his path changed when he took holy orders to succeed his brother as Bishop of Luçon. His rise in the Catholic Church was swift, and he became a cardinal in 1622. As the chief minister from 1624 until his death in 1642, he sought to strengthen the central authority of the king and suppress the influence of the nobility and Huguenots. He also played a pivotal role in foreign policy, navigating the complex web of European alliances and conflicts during the Thirty Years’ War. Richelieu was known for his ability to combine political acumen with a ruthless approach to governance. His legacy includes the establishment of a more centralized state and the enhancement of France’s position as a dominant European power.

5 Interesting Facts about Cardinal Richelieu

1. Richelieu was ordained as a bishop at the young age of 21.

2. He founded the French Academy (Académie Française) in 1635 to standardize the French language.

3. Richelieu’s political maneuvers included the famous Day of the Dupes in 1630, where he outmaneuvered his political enemies.

4. He was a patron of the arts and significantly influenced the architecture of Paris, including the Palais-Cardinal, later known as the Palais-Royal.

5. Richelieu was also a prolific writer, authoring several political and theological works.

5 Most Interesting Quotes from Cardinal Richelieu

1. “To know how to dissimulate is the knowledge of kings.”

2. “The first requirement of a statesman is that he be dull.”

3. “Secrecy is the first essential in affairs of the State.”

4. “Give me six lines written by the most honorable of men, and I will find an excuse in them to hang him.”

5. “Harshness toward individuals is the only means of ensuring the public tranquility.”

Highest Net Worth Achieved

Cardinal Richelieu’s net worth at the peak of his power is difficult to quantify in modern terms, but as one of the most powerful men in France, his wealth and influence were immense. He controlled vast estates and had significant resources at his disposal.