Epicurus

Date of Birth: February 341 BCE

Zodiac Sign: Unknown

Date of Death: 270 BCE

Biography

Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher who founded Epicureanism, a school of philosophy that taught the pursuit of happiness through the seeking of simple pleasures, the avoidance of pain, and the cultivation of wisdom and friendship. Born on the island of Samos in 341 BCE, Epicurus moved to Athens at the age of 18 to receive his formal education. He later established his own school, The Garden, which became a famous center of learning. Epicurus’ philosophy was heavily influenced by Democritus’ atomic theory and the idea that the universe is composed of small, indivisible particles. He believed that understanding the natural world through rational thought led to tranquility and freedom from fear. He also argued that pleasure and pain are the measures of what is good and evil, respectively. Throughout his life, Epicurus wrote over 300 works, but only a few fragments and letters have survived. Despite this, his teachings have had a lasting impact on Western thought, influencing later thinkers such as Lucretius, Thomas Jefferson, and even modern existentialists.

5 Interesting Facts about Epicurus

1. Epicurus founded his philosophical school, The Garden, in Athens, which was one of the first institutions to admit women and slaves alongside free men.

2. He believed that the gods exist but are indifferent to human affairs, which was a radical idea at the time and led to accusations of atheism.

3. Epicurus’ concept of “ataraxia” (tranquility) and “aponia” (absence of pain) were central to his ethical teachings.

4. His philosophy was preserved and popularized by his followers, particularly the Roman poet Lucretius.

5. Despite the hedonistic label often attached to Epicureanism, Epicurus advocated for simple pleasures, such as friendship, rather than indulgence in luxury or excess.